Bethesda Classification Of Pap Smear Testing And Evaluation

Bethesda Classification of Pap smear testing and evaluation The Bethesda classification is relied upon in the reports that need to be made on the diagnosis related to vaginal or cervical cytology. Pap smear screening is used in the detection of processes in the cervix that are potentially cancerous and pre-cancerous. In the event of abnormal findings during the process, there could be further tests ran to get more clarity before the final decision is made on the conditions that is suffered (Rà ¡sky, Regitnig, Schenouda, Burkert, Freidl, 2013). The National Cancer Institute recommends utilization of â€Å"The Bethesda System for the reporting of cervical / endocervical / vaginal cytology (Pap smears) specimens. The standardized language of the†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¢ An adequate endocervical / transformation zone component (from a patient with a cervix) (Nayar, Wilbur, 2015). (2) Quality of the Pap smear will still be noted when: †¢ Less than 10 well preserved endocervical or metaplatic cells are seen †¢ Blood or inflammation moderately obscuring the Pap smear (Nayar, Wilbur, 2015). (3)Unsatisfactory for evaluation designates that the specimen is unreliable for the detection of cervical epithelial cell abnormalities.this term is used if any of the following apply: †¢ A broken slide that cannot be repaired †¢ Scanty squamous epithelial component (less than 8,000 well preserved and well visualized cells on conventional slides or less than 5,000 well preserved and well visualized cells on liquid-based preparations) †¢ Obscuring blood, inflammation, thick areas, poor fixation, air-drying artifact, contaminant, etc. that precludes interpretation of approximately 75% of the epithelial cells(Nayar, Wilbur, 2015). If the pap smear test is abnormal it can be reported by Bestheda system as follows: 2.Descriptive †¢ Normal †¢ Benign †¢ Epithelial cell abnormality (a) Atypical squamous cells of unknown significance (b) Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (c)

DuPont Analysis Paper Footlocker vs. Champ Example

Essays on DuPont Analysis Paper: Footlocker vs. Champ Essay DuPont Analysis Paper Company’s Founded in 1879 and headquartered in New York, Footlocker Inc. retails athletic apparel and footwear. The company compensated officers include Mr. Kenneth Hicks as the chairman, Lauren Peters as Financial Officer, Richard Johnson as the Operating Officer, Robert McHugh as the Vice president, and Gary Bahler as the Senior Vice President. The company has two sections; Direct to Customers and Athletic Stores. The segment dealing with athletic stores retails athletic accessories, athletic footwear, athletic apparel and equipment such as Foot Locker, Champs Sports, CCS, and Lady Foot Locker. The company had 3335 stores in New Zealand, Europe, United States, and even Australia as of February 2013. The segment dealing with Direct to Customers includes the Footlocker and CCS which sell team licensed products, internet websites, athletic footwear, and mobile devices. Additionally, the company offers franchise licenses to operate in Korea and Middle East. Conversely, Finish Line Inc. Operates in United States. It operated stores offering athletic and performance casual shoes, apparel, mens accessories, womens accessories, and kid’s accessories (Bull, 34). The company also has operating specialty stores that offer performance running shoes, and an assortment of women and men accessories, additionally it has line branded shops. The company operated 660 stores as of December 2013. The company reaches its clients through finishline.com,, m.finishline.com, and run.com websites. The company was started in 1976 and has its headquarter in Indiana. Some of its compensated officers include Glenn Lyon as the chairman, Edward Wilhelm as the Finance officer, Samuel Sato as the president, Steven Schneider as the executive president, and Mark Landau as the Chief Business Development Officer. 2. As of February 18th, 2014, the company announced a cash dividend of 0.22 dollars per share as a common stock. The dividend represented a 10% increase over the last quarter amount. This has demonstrated an increase in financial strength for the company. Additionally, its diversity in products has placed the company higher in the industry. In addition, the company has global upfront compared to its competitor (Fridson, 67). This is attributed to the number of branches distributed in Europe, thereby widening its market. Some of the weaknesses that the company is experiencing a falling demand in the market place, a fragmented industry with higher number of competitors, and low cost to switch purchase from one outlet to the other. In summary Profitability 2011-01 2012-01 2013-01 TTM Tax Rate % 34.24 36.09 34.60 35.63 Net Margin % 3.35 4.94 6.42 6.41 Asset Turnover (Average) 1.77 1.89 1.93 1.90 Return on Assets % 5.92 9.35 12.37 12.16 Financial Leverage (Average) 1.43 1.45 1.42 1.41 Return on Equity % 8.51 13.45 17.70 17.33 Return on Invested Capital % 7.80 12.41 16.40 16.11 Interest Coverage 52.40 63.14 56.18 59.18 ROA was calculated as. ROE was calculates as ROC was calculated as. Finish Line Inc. has increased its shares by 1.61% close to 25.21 dollars per share. The stocks that were traded between 24.94 dollars and 25.34 dollars equivalent to 571,152 shares that were traded upgraded the company rating to purchase from the hold shares of the company, thereby gaining 33%. Other than the financial strength the company is skilled with personnel and experience (Lafuente, 75). The company experiences a setback in marketing, since it has a low market compared to footlocker Inc. Additionally, the company has no interest coverage for the last 3 years. In summary Profitability 2011-02 2012-02 2013-02 TTM Tax Rate % 37.48 37.08 38.50 39.02 Net Margin % 5.60 6.19 4.95 4.28 Asset Turnover (Average) 1.93 1.99 2.04 2.15 Return on Assets % 10.80 12.32 10.08 9.20 Financial Leverage (Average) 1.36 1.34 1.35 1.42 Return on Equity % 14.77 16.63 13.56 12.90 Return on Invested Capital % 14.77 16.63 13.56 12.90 Interest Coverage — — — — 3. Footlocker Inc. Efficiency 2011-01 2012-01 2013-01 TTM Days Sales Outstanding — 3.18 3.45 3.32 Days Inventory 108.27 101.48 98.38 108.18 Payables Period 22.63 22.08 23.67 26.96 Cash Conversion Cycle — 82.58 78.16 — Receivables Turnover — 114.76 105.68 — Inventory Turnover 3.37 3.60 3.71 3.37 Fixed Assets Turnover 13.06 13.83 13.48 12.23 Asset Turnover 1.77 1.89 1.93 1.90 Finish Line Efficiency 2011-02 2012-02 2013-02 TTM Days Sales Outstanding 2.13 2.61 3.01 2.79 Days Inventory 86.07 84.96 88.34 112.14 Payables Period 29.80 28.74 27.19 36.42 Cash Conversion Cycle 58.40 58.83 64.16 78.51 Receivables Turnover 171.66 139.77 121.25 130.86 Inventory Turnover 4.24 4.30 4.13 3.26 Fixed Assets Turnover 9.37 10.80 9.38 8.37 Asset Turnover 1.93 1.99 2.04 2.15 Asset Use Efficiency: From the above data the asset turnover for Footlocker Inc. is 1.90, while that of its competitor; Finish Line Inc. is 2.15. Footlocker is more sluggish in terms of their sales. This indicates there are problems in asset categories that comprises of fixed assets, receivables, and inventory. Therefore, Footlocker needs to analyze its assets to find out which of the assets has a problem. This problem may arise in a single fixed or current asset. Sales Efficiency From the data below, the gross profit margin for Footlocker Inc. is 27% while its competitor is 32%. Meaning, the more its competitor retains every dollar from its sales, thereby leaving a lot of money for other net profit and expenses. Therefore, Footlocker generates lower revenues to cater for the operating expenses; the company is unable to control inventory costs and control production. Leverage: From the data below the total liability to total asset for Footlocker Inc. is 0.29, while Finish Line has a leverage of 0.25. This implies that the total assets financed by liabilities, debt, and creditors are higher for Footlocker than the Finish line. Meaning that Footlocker is more risky than its competitor Finish Line Inc. Liquidity ratio: From the data below, Footlocker has a current ratio of 409% while its competitor has current ratio of 386%. Therefore, Footlocker has enough cash to cater for its debts Footlocker Period Ending: Trend 2/2/2013 1/28/2012 1/29/2011 1/30/2010 Liquidity Ratios Current Ratio 372% 379% 396% 409% Quick Ratio 188% 184% 179% 170% Cash Ratio 146% 155% 142% 136% Profitability Ratios Gross Margin 33% 32% 30% 27% Operating Margin 10% 8% 5% 2% Pre-Tax Margin 10% 8% 5% 2% Profit Margin 6% 5% 3% 1% Pre-Tax ROE 26% 21% 13% 4% After Tax ROE 17% 13% 8% 2% Leverage 2013 Total Liab/Total Assets 0.29 Total Liab/Inv Cap 0.36 Total Liab/Comm Equity 0.42 Interest Coverage Ratio 122.40 Curr Debt/Equity NA LTD/Equity 0.06 Total Debt/Equity 0.06 Finish Line Period Ending: Trend 3/2/2013 3/3/2012 2/26/2011 2/27/2010 Liquidity Ratios Current Ratio 367% 399% 403% 386% Quick Ratio 185% 240% 250% 220% Cash Ratio 169% 222% 237% 204% Profitability Ratios Gross Margin 34% 35% 34% 32% Operating Margin 8% 10% 9% 6% Pre-Tax Margin 8% 10% 9% 6% Profit Margin 5% 6% 6% 3% Pre-Tax ROE 21% 25% 22% 16% After Tax ROE 14% 16% 14% 8% Leverage 2013 Total Liab/Total Assets 0.25 Total Liab/Inv Cap 0.31 Total Liab/Comm Equity 8.90 Interest Coverage Ratio NA Curr Debt/Equity NA LTD/Equity NA Total Debt/Equity NA 4. The measures of Footlocker Inc. efficiency of human resource I would consider HR FTE to the total ratio of FTE, calculated as  measured in unit ratios. Additionally I would measure the Human Resource departmental cost per PTE calculated as  in money units and within duration of one year. Consequently, the average response time for the normal Human resource inquiries. Here, the unit will be time in hours and under a minimized direction. Human Resource function FTE ratio No. of Co. replying min median mean max Footlocker data %tile rank 40 10 54 70 316 12 5 Payroll as percentage for personal costs (%) 36 57.34 79.85 80.01 97.53 60.01 4 Turnover rate 37 0.09 5.14 6.62 33.25 30.02 98% 5. Generally, Footlocker strength is based on its management, experienced asset, well-seasoned, and strategically crucial in meeting its future vision. Additionally, the company has well established infrastructure in terms of its catalog distribution, distributing centers and internet capabilities. The company also can limit number of entries in the industry thereby competing against Finish Line. Consequently, the company has a strong brand name this will help it in expanding both locally and internationally. Conversely, Footlocker relies on mall traffic which places it at risk in future in terms of its profitability (Miskelly, 33). Additionally, the company has lower inventory compared to its competitor, this shows weakness in the company. The inventory turnover means that efficiency in managing its inventory is lowered. Since its turnover is low, the company will not employ its invested capital efficiently. This indicates there are problems in asset categories that comprises of fixed assets, receivables, and inventory. Therefore, Footlocker needs to analyze its assets to find out which of the assets has a problem. This problem may arise in a single fixed or current asset. 6. The price to Earnings ratio for Footlocker is 15.40, while that of Finish Line is 19.39. Therefore, it is better to buy stocks for Finish Line Inc. now. This is because the investor will expect higher earnings rise in the future with Finish Line Inc. When compared to Footlocker. Technical analysis Foot Locker, Inc. (NYSE) Range: 1d 5d 1m 3m 6m 1y 2y 5y max Type: Bar | Line | Candle Scale: Linear | Log Size: M | L Moving Avg: 5 | 10 | 20 | 50 | 100 | 200 EMA: 5 | 10 | 20 | 50 | 100 | 200 Indicators: MACD | MFI | ROC | RSI | Slow Stoch | Fast Stoch | Vol | Vol+MA | W%R Overlays: Bollinger Bands | Parabolic SAR | Splits | Volume The investment advice for anyone willing to buy Footlocker stock is to hold until the company comes back to its profitability trends. This is because, over the last financial year, the company has recorded decline in revenue at a rate of -3, 6%. Additionally, the company has closed some of its stores internationally, meaning the company has fewer funds to finance all of its operations. The company needs to improve profitability and efficiency through changing its store base. The strategy involves opening new branches, relocating the present stores to strategic locations, and shutting down stores that are unproductive. Reference Bull, Richard. Financial ratios: how to use financial ratios to maximize value and success for your business. Oxford: CIMA, 2008. Print. Fridson, Martin S., and Fernando Alvarez. Financial statement analysis: a practitioners guide. 4th ed. Hoboken, N.J.: Wiley, 2011. Print. Lafuente, Ana MariÃŒ a. Fuzzy logic in financial analysis. Berlin: Springer, 2005. Print. Miskelly, Matthew. Encyclopedia of major marketing strategies. Detroit: Gale/Cengage Learning, 2013. Print.

Trends in Global Business Samples for Students †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Trends in Global Business. Answer: Introduction The topic of the following assignment deals with the various changes that are taking place in the global business practice. The recent trends that have taken over in the past few years, has definitely changed the scenario from what it was looked at even few years back. Many new ideas have come into place by replacing the old ones. The 21st century real organizations have taken up some new strategies that will probably look forward to bring some positive impacts in the global trends in business. The global business is not limited within the boundaries of one single country and it involves many countries and their employees as a whole. In this assignment, the article Work Spaces that Move People has been chosen, published in the Harvard Book Review 2016 and some key factors or changes have to be identified from the article to have a brief idea about the changes in the new trends and its effect on the society. Brief Summary of the Article While trying to establish an understanding of the article, it is very important to make a brief summary of the same. The real organizations in the recent era have gone through some changes and these have proved to be very impactful on the future prospects of the organizations. Some recent examples have been provided in the article to show how the organizations are adapting to these changes. The most striking changes include the bigger working spacers in the organizations, the use of the digital devices, some ideas like hot-desking and many others. In this scenario of the modern era, the communication system has to be very fast so that the organizations can contact their clients very fast and discuss various matters with them (Arnon et al. 2012). Many sectors like the software companies, finance, pharmaceuticals and hospitals all have been able to adopt these changes. These changes have helped to increase their profits in the business and they have been able to spread their business a ll over the world. The global business has to focus on various aspects and cross culture is one of them. Organizations have to think about these aspects and fix their strategies accordingly. These things help to increase the reputation of the organizations (Carroll 2015). Identifying the key questions The assignment looks to find answers to the four key questions that have been found after an extensive and thorough reading of the article. A mini literature review has to be made to understand the impacts of the four key factors on the society at large. The scenario which has been in focus of this study is the recent changes in the workplaces or the organizations that have been a very common practice. Bigger workspaces in the organizations and its implications on the business environments are going to be discussed here. The four key questions that have been identified here are- Use of Digital Communication in Offices Co-working as a part of the organizations Importance of open spaces in organizations Interaction between people to increase communication Literature review A mini literature review of this article has to be provided in trying to solve the above mentioned questions. Use of Digital Communication in Offices Digital disruption has become a part and parcel of the daily lives of the 21st century people (McQuivey 2013). All types of digital devices like computers, laptops, smart phones and other useful devices have been very common to all types of people in this world. This is one of the most common phenomenon in the world nowadays. The use of telephones in the offices or other workplaces was very common in the earlier days but in the present times, it is considered as an outdated idea. The use of digital communication systems has become a widely used method in all types of organizations and agencies like accounting firms to medical clinics and hospitals, from information technology firms to real estates and many others. The best part of using digital disruption or digital communication system is to make faster communication and the time taken for that is minimal (Lee and Messerschmitt 2012). The office structure of the olden days and the present days is quite different. It is notable that the olden day offices comprised of small cubicles for every employee and the open area was very small there. In these cubicles, telephones were kept for the employees by which they used to communicate. The use of laptops and other electronic devices was not so much in use. Nowadays, the people can connect with each other in a shorter period of time and more number of works can be completed within a lesser time. Compared to olden days, the important data is stored in the hard disks in the digital devices and that stays forever if not destroyed intentionally. Co-working as a part of the organizations The 21st century business environment has gone through a radical change in terms of co-working in the organizations (Hargroves and Smith 2013). Co-working between employees suggests that some of the employees in an organization will team up together and they will take part in the business ventures jointly to earn positive feedback for the company. This habit of working together can create a good amount of understanding between the employees and can make them good team members. The mutual understanding and support between them will grow and they will be able to do the works efficiently. It is very obvious all the people do not have same kind of talent or specialization. Different kinds of specialization and special abilities of the employees will help to gather different ideas at the same place. This will help to establish a fair view about a topic and everyone can contribute their ideas. This will culminate into the best outcome that can be possible. The working environment in this k ind of offices is very healthy and light (Hasle et al. 2012). The employees can share their views and opinions. They also share a healthy understanding between themselves and it puts away chances of any misunderstanding between the employees. In this way, the performance graph of the organization will go upwards that will reflect in the organizations production report (Caliendo and Rossi-Hansberg 2012). The idea of one employee, one desk can be kept aside because it costs a lot of money to make personalized cubicles for each employee. The employees can sit in a place together and discuss the working matters. Importance of Open spaces in the Organizations The open space in the real world organizations is very important nowadays (Haug 2013). This idea of providing more open spaces has to be implemented for different reasons. In the earlier times, the supervisors or the managers had to go to the desks of each employee and convey any important message to them but in the recent times, they can sit in open spaces where they can communicate with each other very easily. This invention of open spaces in the offices saves a lot of money that caters to more CSR activities of the company (Essen 2013). Thus the company can save some money from their expenditure and invest that to help the society. This will help them to increase their reputation. The managers and supervisors can address the employees by sitting in a single space and they do not have to roam about in different rooms the whole day. The team leaders can control their teams and this would enhance their leadership skills. Interaction between people to increase communication In the modern global village, people have found every destination to be reachable and they consider no place to be far enough with the blessing of digital communication and devices (Lule 2012). Most MNCs are spreading their business throughout the world so that they can profit from all the spheres. The target markets and the target segmentations are no more confined within the global markets only but their range of business market has become global. The use of different social media like Facebook, Linkedin, Instagram has increased communication between the people of different countries (Treadaway and Smith 2012). The big business maestros nowadays communicate with job seekers and advise them on different areas. These things use to motivate the people and they work even better. The impact of social media marketing and social media strategies has been very effective on the people (Tuten and Solomon 2014). These social media often help to take up different popular strategies that yield good results and positive turnover for the companies. Conclusion In the concluding part, it can be said that a brief but detailed overview has been provided about the recent trends in business environment. These trends have helped the business organizations attain a sustainable growth throughout the year. It also helps to create a reputable brand image for the organizations and their owners. The implications of different strategies have catered to the development of the business and its spreading in the global arena. Bibliography Arnon, S., Barry, J., Karagiannidis, G., Schober, R. and Uysal, M. eds., 2012.Advanced optical wireless communication systems. Cambridge university press. Caliendo, L. and Rossi-Hansberg, E., 2012. The impact of trade on organization and productivity.The quarterly journal of economics,127(3), pp.1393-1467. Carroll, C.E., 2015.The handbook of communication and corporate reputation(Vol. 49). John Wiley Sons. Esen, E., 2013. The influence of corporate social responsibility (CSR) activities on building corporate reputation. InInternational business, sustainability and corporate social responsibility(pp. 133-150). Emerald Group Publishing Limited. Hargroves, K. and Smith, M.H., 2013.The natural advantage of nations: business opportunities, innovation and governance in the 21st century. Earthscan. Hasle, P., Bojesen, A., Langaa Jensen, P. and Bramming, P., 2012. Lean and the working environment: a review of the literature.International Journal of Operations Production Management,32(7), pp.829-849. Haug, C., 2013. Organizing spaces: Meeting arenas as a social movement infrastructure between organization, network, and institution.Organization Studies,34(5-6), pp.705-732. Lee, E.A. and Messerschmitt, D.G., 2012.Digital communication. Springer Science Business Media. Lule, J., 2012.Globalization and media: Global village of Babel. Rowman Littlefield. McQuivey, J., 2013. Digital disruption: Unleashing the next wave of innovation. Treadaway, C. and Smith, M., 2012.Facebook marketing: An hour a day. John Wiley Sons. Tuten, T.L. and Solomon, M.R., 2014.Social media marketing. Sage.

Romeo Essays (1690 words) - Characters In Romeo And Juliet

Romeo And Juliet Ever since the publications of the good quarto, published in 1599, Romeo and Juliet, by William Shakespeare, has been one of the classics of Western literature (Evans 1093). In being this, it has been produced many different times, in many different ways. I will be discussing how the production of this great play has changed over time. First, though, I will supply a little background for the play. The stories of two star-crossed lovers and forbidden passion are not new to literature. There were many works before Romeo and Juliet from which Shakespeare borrowed. Some of these include Mosuccio of Salerno in his 1476 work, Il Novellin o, Luigi da Proto with his Istoria . . .di due nobili Amanti, in about 1530, and Arthur Brooke's three thousand line poem titled The Tragical History of Romeus and Juliet, published in 1562 (Evans 1055). All of these had the same themes as Romeo and Juliet. This borrowing of ideas and loose use of the text continued in the manner in which the play has been produced. In 1745 and 1750 David Garrick direct several productions of Romeo and Juliet (Branam 170). In these productions he made several changed to both the way the characters are presented and to the play itself. In a 1748 text, Garrick wrote a note To the Reader: The alterations in the following play are few and trifling, except in the last act; the design was to clear the Original, as much as possible from the Jingle and the Quibble, which were always thought the great objections to reviving it (qtd. In Branam 173). Garrick uses several means to remove the Jingle and Quibble from the play (Branam 173). Where he thought the rhyme and wordplay to be excessive he would compact it. For example the long drawn out exchange between Samson and Gregory in the first scene is compressed to four lines: Sam. Gregory, I strike quickly, being mov'd. Gred. But thou are not quickly mov'd to strike. Sam. A dog of the house of Montague moves. Greg. Draw thy tool then, for here come of that house. (qtd. In Branam 173) Garrick also took liberty with Romeo's lyrical nature. He shortened many of Romeo's lines in order to dull it somewhat. For example, Garrick shortens: Why such is love's transgression. Griefs of mine own lie heavy in my breast; Which thou wilt propagate, to have it prest With more of thine: this love that thou hast shown Doth add more grief to too much of mine own. From act one, scene one, to: Which thou wilt propagate with more of thine; This love, that thou hast shewn in my concern, Doth add more grief to too much of mine own. in his 1748 text (Branam 173-174). In reading the play the rhyme is missed, but in watching a performance the mood is more set by the interaction of the two lovers, then the actual words. Another change that Garrick made, albeit reluctantly and under pressure, was the complete removal of Rosaline from the play. In 1784 he explains: Many people have imagin'd that the sudden change of Romeo's Love from Rosaline to Juliet was a blemish in his Character, but alteration of that kind was thought too bold to be attempted; Shakespear [sic.] has dwelt particularly upon it, and so great a judge of human nature, knew that to be young and inconstant was extremely natural (qtd. In Branam 177). Garrick's largest, and most prominent, change was in modifying the tomb scene. Here Garrick borrows from Thomas Otwayis History and Fall of Caius Marius, published in 1679 and based on Romeo and Juliet (Branam 174). In Shakespeare's original work the act of the poison on Romeo is almost instantaneous, but in Garrick's new rendition the poison acts slowly. This gives new light to both Romeo and Juliet's characters. Garrick designed the scene to be more tragic then the original play. In this rendition, Romeo sees Juliet and she speaks to him: I now remember well Each circumstance ? Oh my lord, my Romeo! Had'st thou not come, sure I slept for ever: But there's a sovereign charm in thy embraces That can revive the dead ? Oh honest Friar! ? Romeo is filled with joy seeing his love alive, but suddenly realizes the horror of the situation and is overcome by it. Juliet continues: Dost thou avoid me, Romeo? let me touch Thy hand. And taste the cordial of thy lips ? You fright me ? speak ? (qtd.

Essay analysis and response “On Animal Farm” Essay Example

Essay analysis and response â€Å"On Animal Farm† Essay Name: Instructor: Course: Date: We will write a custom essay sample on Essay analysis and response â€Å"On Animal Farm† specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Essay analysis and response â€Å"On Animal Farm† specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Essay analysis and response â€Å"On Animal Farm† specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer Essay analysis and response â€Å"On Animal Farm† Summary of the essay The essay On Animal Farm is an analysis done by Christopher Hitchens of the in-depth meaning of the book Animal Farm by George Orwell. Within the essay, the major theme being discussed is correlation between the fictional characters and events in the book and the Russian Revolution. It analyzes the usage of fictional animal characters in a confined environment where they rule themselves to the political occurrences in the Soviet Union and the larger Europe. The essay discusses the historical background of Animal Farm, the political ramifications that the book has on autocratic regimes, and the struggle for power between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat. The aspect of the Cold War and the East-West rivalry is also illustrated in the essay with a special reference to the Russian-British period of conflicts. The trend of the essay starts from the period of the Spanish Civil War: the adoption of Animal Farm as a cultural tool during the Cold War and the its modern relevance in the academic and political world (Hitchens line 23-9). Logical methods in the essay The review of Animal Farm in an essay by Christopher Hitchens introduces various logical concepts. Hitchens attempts to expose the logical methods that George Orwell used, for example, combining political and artistic ideas into a single entity. Hitchens mentions the outstanding theme of tyranny and other sub-themes like a high regard for satire in publications. According to Christopher Hitchens, the juvenile approach with the help of which Orwell tackled the controversial topics was a fallacy. It may be explained by the fact that George Orwell had no better way to address such political themes without jeopardizing his personal safety and that of other like-minded people and groups. In the essay, Hitchens identified the childish approach as a logical method used by George Orwell. In writing the book, Christopher Hitchens notes that most of the themes are expressed in very simple and straightforward methods. Hitchens notes the use of animals by George Orwell as the main characters. Most of the activities in the essay are also illustrated in a humorous way that may bring out Animal Farm as a comedy rather than a political satire. Instances of farm animals singing â€Å"Beasts of England† in front of a flag at full mast for Christopher qualify as a comic scene. However, he notes that this approach might have been a guise under which Orwell intended to slip the production through most of Europe as a children novel (Hitchens line 45-47). Christopher Hitchens notes the attention to detail as a method of developing a storyline that is highly relevant and exact. Christopher Hitchens compares the characters, major events, and outcomes in the novel Animal Farm to the historical happenings in Spain and the Soviet Union. Stalin is compared to Napoleon the, pig leader in the novel, as Stalin swayed the Russian Orthodox to his side, and he abolished the socialist anthem â€Å"The Internationale†, as it was conflicting with his new ties in Britain and America. Hitchens also notes the omission of Lenin from the works of Orwell. There are no fallacies committed in the logical comparison of the occurrences in the novel to the post-war Soviet Union under Stalin. The dates, major events, and the outcomes in the novel have a close resemblance with history in Russia (Orwell 34). The process of publishing the book is addressed by Christopher Hitchens in a logical manner. The rejection of the responsibility to print the book by most publishers stemmed from the fact that most were politically conservative and did not associate themselves with revolutionary activities. This was the reason for the decline by TS Elliot and Dial Press who had trivial reasons for their decline. Christopher Hitchens analyzes the reasons for the delayed publication of the book based on the conflictual East-West relationships. These two parties had created a conflictual environment that pitted the political and ideological ideas of capitalism and communism against each other. Therefore, democratic principles such as revolutions, equality and increased participation of the citizens in the governance process were not encouraged, as they displayed the Westernization of the Soviet Union. Christopher Hitchens narrates of the reason that Elliot had rejected the request to publish Animal Farm was that it was too â€Å"Trotskyite†. Christopher Hitchens describes the logical spread of the idea of revolution through the works of George Orwell with most of Easter Europe and within the Soviet Union. The disinterest in the new form of communism that was perpetuated by Stalin was fast growing and the discovery of Animal Farm by Ukrainian and Polish socialists served to aggravate the situation. It was due to the fact that most people still considered themselves staunch Leftists who did not embrace the inclination to the right. Hitchens notes that Orwell predicted the break up between the East and the West that culminated in the Cold War. The novel Animal Farm was transformed into a political tool that was used to promote propaganda in the society and the education system within the American right. For the communist states, the novel was banned from all learning institutions and other academic locations where its effect could be multiplied. At the end of his writing career, Hitchens notes that Orwell was labeled as a t raitor by the Russian regime owing to the use of his material by the West. In the essay On Animal Farm, Christopher Hitchens takes a logical approach in analyzing the changes that took place in the farm after the assumption of power by the pigs. The transformation of the original slogan that â€Å"All Animals Are Equal† to â€Å"Some Animals Are More Equal than Others† highlights this point by Hitchens. He illustrates the emergence of a new form of communism in Eastern Europe and Russia that contained a new class system that favored the ruling elite and disregarded the majority. Christopher Hitchens marks this political transformation as a moral in George Orwell’s story. Apart from illustrating this, Hitchens also brought out the modern relevance of the historical decisions to focus power on a group of ruling elite. The spread of class systems in the political arena spread to Asia where party leaders had comments that the economic prosperity would benefit some citizens more than others. The reaction that the societies in North Korea, Ch ina and Burma, where these books have never been published, will be similar to the Soviet Union under Trotsky’s influence. Christopher Hitchens brings out the logical interpretation of the whole novel as a channel through which societies can liberate themselves. Hitchens and Orwell illustrate Old Major sharing a dream with the other farm animals in which there exists a world â€Å"without masters† and where every beast was free. This notion of ancient liberty is also mentioned by Hitchens and George Orwell in the works of John Milton and other English Protestants. This perceived freedom and liberty of living life as one saw fit resonated within the minds of the readers of the Animal Farm with the effect of reminding them of the better days before the installation of communism by Stalin. The logical fallacy that exists in the idea of complete liberty as was illustrated by Christopher Hitchens is that there is no such idea as complete freedom and liberty. Logical response to equality The essay On Animal Farm by Christopher Hitchens attempts to analyze the themes and main content of the book by George Orwell. The phrase â€Å"All animals are equal but some are more equal than others† is perhaps the most popular in the book that best depicts the inequality that existed within the context in which the novel was written. The dystopian society as discussed by Christopher Hitchens represented Russia in the 1970 under the leadership of Stalin. The experimentation with different degrees of Marxism, communism, and socialism in Russia resulted in high levels of economic and social inequality. Socialists like Stalin support the creation of socialist states based on need for state-led development and political revolution. However, most of the leaders who take over through coercive means end up becoming dictators, as the institutions that grant power in one head are seldom amended. The interests of the proletariat are ignored in such countries, while the government eng ages in plunder, corruption, and mismanagement. It is possible to achieve an egalitarian society that treats all members equally and provides opportunities to everyone. Not only is the idea possible, but it has also been adopted in many developed states with a high level of success. The US democracy is one such example where equality exists primarily due to the state’s efforts at serving the needs of the citizens. The distribution and separation of power in the government ensures that everyone achieves a certain degree of equality. However, the relevance of the phrase â€Å"All animals are equal but some are more equal than others† in contemporary Europe is still vivid. The economic differences between developed societies and impoverished communities residing within one country illustrate the inequality that exists even in democratic republics. Similarly, within the liberal environment of the Manor Farm, a section of the animals enjoyed more preferences. Works Cited Hitchens, Christopher. â€Å"On Animal Farm†. Web. Accessed on 5 July 2012. http://aussgworldpolitics.wordpress.com/opinions/animal-farm-reviewed-by-christopher-hitchens/ Orwell, George. Animal Farm: 1984. Orlando: Harcourt, 2003. Web. Accessed on 5 July 2012. http://geniuscountry.googlecode.com/files/AnimalFarm.pdf

The Way of Confucius essays

The Way of Confucius essays Confucius is one of the most famous of the ancient Chinese philosophers. Confucius lived from 551 to 479 BC. He believed that Chinese culture had peaked during the height of the Zhou dynasty. During their reign, the Zhou rulers adhered to a set of practices referred to as the li, also called rites or rituals. These rites governed all aspects of Chinese culture. The rites told everything, from the way huge political ceremonies should be conducted, to what is the proper way to respond to the receiving of a gift. During Confucius life, the role of the Zhou kings was reduced to mere figureheads and many of the rites had been lost, forgotten, or reduced to a lesser role. Confucius decided that he was to revive the practice of the rites and show others back to the way of the dao, or the way of heaven. In an effort to accomplish this, Confucius would not only strive to strictly follow the rites himself, he would dedicate his life to teaching and spreading them to others as well. The teachings of Confucius cover a wide variety of topics, as they were meant to govern all aspects of ones life. Some of the most important aspects of the rites taught by Confucius regard family relations, desirable traits of character, proper ways of governing, and aspects of ren or true humaneness or humanity. While some of his teachings are ideas specific to his time and culture, such as the proper colors to be worn by nobility, other teachings such as family relations and virtue of character are just as valuable to todays society as it was for his own. One of the most important aspects of life for Confucius was family life and relationships. Many of his teachings are therefore related to such topics. The main points of Confucius teaching regarding family life have to do with filial obligations and respect among the family. He had become dishearte...

Fundamentals of Abortion Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words

Fundamentals of Abortion - Essay Example 2 ) Medication abortion. 3 ) Surgical abortion. B ) Causes of automatic abortion. 1 ) Problem in the venereal system of women. 2 ) General disease in the mother. 3 ) Injury of the mother. 4 ) Severe psychological trauma. C ) There are three types of surgical abortion 1 ) Manual vacuum aspiration. 2 ) Dilation and suction curettage. 3 ) Dilation and evacuation. D ) Different names of stages of abortion between actual or possible. 1 ) Threatened abortion. 2 ) Inevitable abortion. 3 ) Complete abortion. 4 ) Incomplete abortion. 5 ) Missed abortion. E ) Woman have or not to get abortion for some reasons. 1) Proponents. 2 ) Opponents. F) What kinds of things might contribute to woman felling distress after abortion? 1 ) Emotion. What the women feel before and after abortion. 2 ) Physically. Lose the money and it is very painful for women. G ) The morally and socially are types of abortion in the life. 1) Morally. The distinction between right or wrong behavior of abortion. 2 ) Socially. T he problem of abortion from the destination in social. H ) Abortion laws began to appear a long time ago in the United Stats and Mexico. 1) Abortion history in the United States. 2) Abortion history in Mexico. I ) The United States and Mexico lose money to abortion. 1 ) Economic of abortion in the United States. ... The study also looks into why people are so willing to kill the embryo instead of allowing it to grow or turning to other available options. The conclusions that follow are reasons why women should be prevented from getting abortion. Abortion is a very important issue in many countries. People always discuss the issues of abortion. There are many people who want to allow abortion, and yet there are other people who do not want to allow abortion. Many of these people believe that abortion is morally and ethically wrong. Then, there are many people who have the belief that abortion is a short, simple, and clean procedure. However, this could not be further from the truth. People who believe that abortion is a quick and simple process need to realize that there are many health problems involved in an abortion. As such, abortions should be prevented and avoided. Abortion is murder as it involves killing another human being, no matter how old they are (Slack 8). Likewise, abortion is a cr ime. If a woman does not want the embryo, she does not need to kill the embryo; there are many people who would want the embryo and the beautiful child that it becomes. There are always other options available to a pregnant woman. Abortion does not have to always be the answer. There are many methods in which a woman can get an abortion. The first method is an automatic abortion, which takes place at the end of the pregnancy due to problems during the pregnancy. The second method is known as a medication abortion and is a safe way to end an unwanted pregnancy through the use of medication or a mixture of medications. These medications can be taken vaginally or through muscle injections. The third method of abortion is a surgical abortion, which is a process done at